Thursday, 1 August 2013

File systems

Hi

Wanted to cover file systems

NTFS, ext3 , ext4,XFS .How to do and details

a file can be video audio file

it can be formated text

most opersation system has folder directories

drive lettes

how is data writen into storage media is the
thing that operating system manages

EXT2,EXT3 ,NTFS , FAT, HPFS

role of OS is to define API for file access and
the structure (directories names)


OS also provides drivers for physical access

file is a name for group of data.This group of

data
also has attribute like owners, permissions
date/times etc

structure of file can be explicit or implicit

like .exe it executible file and .txt is text

file can have access type like direct sequential

etc

file can have performance caching , organization

,memory management

file system also has directories management like

hierarchical form.


some file system can be across multipl physical

drives

like linux allows you to mount a drive so that

the directory sturcure remains the same

not always structure is hierarchical .like

mainframes the data is separated by using
abc.kkk.aaa.kklkl

reference paths ..

how data is saved on disk
. the OS always know where the root directory is

so its always saved on some posistion


so OS can decide where to start from



so how space is allocated .. usually a fixed

allocation of blocks , there is a directory that

contains a list of blocks for a file

OS access method masks use of non contiguos block
this is called fragmentaion


see how data is saved on ms block

file name 8 ext 3 attribut 1 reserved 10 time2

date 2 1st block 1 and size 4

FAT file allocation table -- the location of

first block will be kept in file allocation table


in windows 98.. the same structure FAT-32 this

was because of larger disks

base 8 ext3 attribute 1 ,NT 1,Sec 1 , creation

3,last accessed 2 , starting block 2 , last write

4 starting block 15.31 , file size 4


in unix i node number2 file name 14




















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